Database Management System for a Digitized Medical Image

Medical images are critical component of the healthcare system with great impact on the society’s welfare. Traditionally, medical images were stored on films in developing country, but the advances in modern imaging modalities made it possible to store them electronically. Thus, this paper gave and developed a novel framework for storing, retrieving and processing digitized medical images. Digital medical informatics and images are commonly used in hospitals today because  of the interrelatedness of the radiology department and other departments, especially the intensive care unit and emergency department, the transmission and sharing of medical images has become a critical issue. This work provides vivid solution to the problem encountered and the difficulties associated with the challenges of large memory utilization attributing to storing patient’s medical image information conveniently. Keyword: Database Management System, Digitized Medical images, Memory utilizatio

Performance Evaluation of Kernel-Based Feature Extraction Techniques for Face Recognition System

Face recognition is considered to be one of the most reliable biometrics where security issues are of concerned. Feature extraction which is a functional block of a face recognition system becomes a critical problem when there is need to obtain the best feature with minimum classification error and low running time. Most existing face recognition systems have adopted different non-linear feature extraction techniques for face recognition but identification of the most suitable non-linear kernel variants for these systems remain an open problem. Hence, this research work analyzed the performance of three kernel feature extraction technique (Kernel Principal Component Analysis, Kernel Linear Discriminant Analysis and Kernel Independent Component Analysis) for face recognition system. A database of 360 face images was created by obtaining facial images from LAUTECH Biometric Research Group consisting of six facial expressions of 60 persons. Images were preprocessed (gray scaling, cropping and histogram equalization) and the kernel variants were used to extract distinctive features and reduce the dimensionality of each of the images from 600x800 pixels to four smaller dimensions: 50x50, 100x100, 150x150 and 200x200 pixels. Euclidean Distance similarity measure was used for classification. The performance of the three kernel variants was evaluated for face recognition system using 180 images for training and 180 images for testing using the following metrics: Recognition Accuracy (RA) and Recognition Time (RT). Empirical result indicate that KLDA performs best for face recognition system with an average accuracy of 94.52%.  The larger image dimension also results in better recognition performance. We intend to experiment on other classifiers for face recognition system in our future work. Keywords— Biometrics, Face, Feature extraction, Kernel, KICA, KPCA, KLDA, Linear, Non-linear

Development of a Genetic Algorithm Based Geodesic Active Contour for Iris Based Ethnicity Prediction System

The developments in science and technology have made it possible to use biometrics in applications where it is required to establish or confirm the identity of individuals. Among all possible biometric characteristics, the use of iris texture for recognition of individuals has been proven to be highly reliable. However, existing iris prediction systems have suffered from inability to handle more constrained acquisition (processing non-ideal iris images), high processing time and inappropriate parameter settings which usually results in inaccurate segmentation and poor classification results. This research therefore developed an improved segmentation and classification algorithms for iris-based ethnicity prediction system featuring the three major tribes in Nigeria.  Six hundred (600) iris images from three major tribes in Nigeria (Yoruba, Hausa and Ibo) were locally captured for the database. Genetic Algorithm based Geodesic Active Contour (GAGAC) and standard Geodesic Active Control (GAC) were used for iris segmentation while Standard Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Galactic Swarm Optimisation SVM (GSOSVM) was used for iris classification. GAGAC and GSOSVM were used in the designing of the iris-based ethnicity prediction system at segmentation and classification stage. The developed iris-based ethnicity prediction system gave an improved predictive performance over the conventional one. The developed system can be used in different areas where higher security authentication is required